Turbine running wheel.



PATENTED OCT. 4, 1904.

o. A. BAGKSTROM.

TURBINE RUNNING WHEEL.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 21. 1904.

N0 MODEL.

w mw INVENTOR v 8/44 a. wz ZM ZM ATTORNEY) W/TNESSKS W257 635% PatentedOctober 4, 1904.

CHARLES A. BACKSTROM, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

TURBINE RUNNING WHEEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 771,759, dated October4, 1904. Application filed January 21, 1904- Serial No. 190,043. (Nomodel.)

To aZZ whom, it may conoern:

Be it knownthat I, CHARLES A. BACKSTROM, a citizen of the United States,residing at Milwaukee,- county of Milwaukee, and State of Wisconsin,have invented new and useful Improvements in Turbine Running Wheels, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in turbine running wheels.

One object of my invention is to confine the jet of motive fluid as itleaves the vanes be-' tween parallel surfaces.

A further object is to provide a form of construction in which thepressure of the motive fluid upon opposite sides of the running wheelwill be balanced.

In the following description reference is had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side view of a running wheel embodyingmy invention with a portion of one of the outer disks broken away toshow the position of the vanes and with a portion of a nozzle-ringindicated in dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a diametrical sectional view, alsoshowing a nozzle-ring or partition in dotted lines.

Like parts are identified by the same reference characters in bothviews.

The running wheel is formed with a central hub 1, provided with anoutwardly-projecting flange 2, to which disks 3 are secured, one on eachside. The vanes 4 are located between the outer portions of the diskswith their ends abutting the inner faces of the respective disks and aresecured by rivets 5 in a position to receive the motive fluid from theinwardlydirected nozzles 6, (indicated in dotted lines.) The hub 1 isadapted to fit the turbine-shaft and is splined or otherwise rigidlysecured thereto.

The fluid is delivered from the vanes into the space or cavity 9 betweenthe disks and within the path of the vanesql. 6., between the path ofthe vanes and the marginal edge of the flange 2. From' this space. thefluid passes outwardly through suitable apertures? in the respectivedisks to both sides of the wheel, the pressure upon the sides of thewheel being thus equalized.

The apertures 7 have a capacity much greater than that of the nozzles,so that there is no tendency to accumulate or increase the density ofthe motive fluid between the disks 3. The inner faces of the disks are,however, substantially parallel, so the reactionary force of the motivefluid is in line with the vanes themselves and not partially outside ofthe path of the vanes.

It will be observed that as the vanes have the usual concavereceiving-surfaces the movement of the motive fluid as it leaves thepoint of impact will be in a direction opposite that of the rotation ofthe wheel, and therefore against the body of fluid between the disks andtraveling with the wheel. A reactionary eflect is thus secured by whichthe entire kinetic energy of the fluid which has been developed by thenozzles is expended to drive the wheel before the fluid reaches theapertures 7. To secure this result, it is necessary that the apertures 7should be of suflicient capacity to permit the density and pressure ofthe motive fluid to equalize in the space Within the cavity and at thesides of the running wheel, the apertures being adapted to permit anentirely free and unobstructed passage of steam from the interior of thecavity to the sides of the running wheel. It will also be noted that theapertures are located at a substantial distance from the vanes, so thatthere will be no lateral movement of the motive fluid adjacent to thevanes.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure loyLetters Patent, is

1. The combination with a turbine-shaft, of a running wheel having aninterior cavity and vanes arranged for the inward delivery of motivefluid to said cavity; the walls of said cav-' ity being substantiallyparallel and provided with apertures leading to the exterior at thesides of the running wheel between the shaft and the vanes, but at asubstantial distance from the latter; said apertures being adapted toafford a free and unobstructed passage of motive fluid therethrough andof sufflcient capacity to permit the pressure and density of the motivefluid to equalize in the space within the cavity and at the sides of theWheel.

2. The combination with a turbine-shaft, of a turbine running wheelhaving an interior cavity and apertures in both side walls communicatingwith the exterior at the sides of said wheel and between the shaft andthe periphery of the wheel; said wheel being provided with peripheralvanes arranged for the inward delivery of motive fluid to said cavity,and the interior wall-faces of said cavity being substantially parallel.

3. The combination with a turbine-shaft, of a turbine running wheelhaving an interior cavity and apertures in both side wallscornmunicating with the exterior at the sides of said wheel and betweenthe shaft and the periphery of the wheel; said wheel being provided withperipheral vanes arranged for the inward delivery of motive fluid tosaid cavity,

CHARLES A. BAGKSTROM.

l/Vitnesses:

LEVERETT (1. WHEELER, LYMAN Gr. WHEELER.

